🟪 1-Minute Summary

Precision measures “of all predicted positives, how many were actually positive?” Formula: TP / (TP + FP). High precision means low false alarm rate. Use when false positives are costly (e.g., spam filter marking important emails as spam, recommending irrelevant products). Trade-off with recall: being more selective (higher precision) means catching fewer positives (lower recall).


🟦 Core Notes (Must-Know)

Formula

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Interpretation

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When to Optimize for Precision

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Precision-Recall Tradeoff

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🟨 Interview Triggers (What Interviewers Actually Test)

Common Interview Questions

  1. “What does precision measure?”

    • [Answer: Of predicted positives, how many are actually positive]
  2. “When would you prioritize precision over recall?”

    • [Answer: When false positives are costly]
  3. “Your precision is 90% but recall is 20%. What’s happening?”

    • [Answer: Model is very selective, catches few positives but rarely wrong]

🟥 Common Mistakes (Traps to Avoid)

Mistake 1: Confusing precision with recall

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Mistake 2: Optimizing only precision

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🟩 Mini Example (Quick Application)

Scenario

[Spam filter evaluation]

Solution

from sklearn.metrics import precision_score

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